Charles Goodhart CBE, FBA is a member of the Financial Markets Group at the London School of Economics (LSE), having previously (1987–2005) been its Deputy Director. From 1985 until his retirement in 2002 he was the Norman Sosnow Professor of Banking and Finance at LSE. Before then, he had worked at the Bank of England for 17 years as a monetary adviser, becoming a Chief Adviser in 1980. In 1997 he was appointed one of the outside independent members of the Bank of England’s new Monetary Policy Committee, a post held until May 2000. Earlier he had taught at Cambridge and LSE. As well as numerous articles, he has written a couple of books on monetary history; a graduate monetary textbook, Money, Information and Uncertainty (2nd edn, 1989); two collections of papers on monetary policy, Monetary Theory and Practice (1984) and The Central Bank and The Financial System (1995) (all published by Palgrave Macmillan); and a number of books and articles on financial stability, on which subject he was Adviser to the Governor of the Bank of England (2002–04), and numerous other studies relating to financial markets and to monetary policy and history. In his spare time he is a sheep farmer (loss-making).