Governments Manipulate Data

Bruno S. Frey

Published: December 2021


Governments widely manipulate official economic and social data—but the public tends to disregard this fact. There is extensive empirical evidence that governments extensively manipulate official data. National statistical offices should be independent of their government to fight such manipulation, and alternative data producers should be supported. The public should be aware of data that government find difficult to control, such as those on the black market or light intensity captured by satellites as an indicator of income level.



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