Dane Rowlands is Associate Professor and Associate Director at The Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University in Canada. He has published numerous articles in leading journals including the Journal of International Economics, the Review of International Economics, Oxford Development Studies, The World Economy, World Development and the Journal of Development Studies. In collaboration with Graham Bird he has written extensively on IMF lending and the catalytic effect and their research is continuing under the financial support of the British Academy.